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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Upper Saratown ： ウィキペディア英語版 Upper Saratown Upper Saratown, also known as Upper Sauratown, is an archaeological site from the Late Saratown phase in North Carolina. The site is located on the Dan River in Stokes County and was occupied by the Sara Indians. Excavations were conducted at the site each summer from 1972 through 1981 by archaeologists from the Research Laboratories of Anthropology at the University of North Carolina. Of all the Late Saratown sites, it is the most thoroughly excavated.〔Ward, H. Trawick and Davis Jr., R. P. Stephen. (1999). Time before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina. Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 248〕 ==Original Inhabitants== The Sara Indians moved to the Dan River drainage within the Piedmont region around 1000 A.D.〔VanDerwarker, A. M., Scarry, C. M., and Eastman, J. M. n.d. Menus for Families and Feasts: Household and Community Consumption of Plants at Upper Saratown, North Carolina. Twiss, Katheryn C. (Ed.). (2007). The Archaeology of Food and Identity, Occasional Paper No.34. Southern Illinois University. p. 19〕 They occupied the village of Upper Saratown during the first half of the Late Saratown phase (also known as Late Contact period), between A.D. 1670–1710.〔Research Laboratories of Archaeology. n.d. The Contact Period in the North-Central Piedmont. Retrieved April 3rd, 2011, from http://rla.unc.edu/ArchaeoNC/time/contact_NCPied_L_Sara.htm.〕 The Sara were thought to be Siouan-speaking people and a census in 1715 put their population at one hundred forty men and three hundred seventy women and children. However, these numbers most likely came from sources other than the tribe itself.〔Webster’s Online Dictionary. n.d. Extended Definition of Saura. Retrieved April 3rd 2011, from http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/Saura?cx=partner-pub-0939450753529744%3Av0qd01-tdlq&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=Saura&sa=Search#922〕 The Sara were a group whose authority was in the hands of town councils instead of chiefs. Harmony and balance were an important part of their worldview. They participated in an event where the main focus was restoring balance called the busk, or green corn ceremony. When it was time to collect new maize, house foundations were cleaned and old or worn items, such as clothing or pottery, was done away with. The busk most likely began before the Contact period but the Sara celebrated world renewal by feasting, relighting the sacred fire, and participating in other rituals. Busks during the Contact period tended to focus on bringing the community together as a single unit.〔VanDerwarker, A. M., Scarry, C. M., and Eastman, J. M. n.d. Menus for Families and Feasts: Household and Community Consumption of Plants at Upper Saratown, North Carolina. Twiss, Katheryn C. (Ed.). (2007). The Archaeology of Food and Identity, Occasional Paper No.34. Southern Illinois University. p. 18〕 The physical layout of the community was made up of circular houses, which could be inhabited by up to two hundred to two hundred fifty people at once, within a single, stockaded village. However, community patterns changed by the end of the seventeenth century and communities began to consist of widely dispersed households.〔Ward, H. Trawick and Davis Jr., R. P. Stephen. (1999). Time before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina. Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 250〕 The Sara used bows, made from locustwood, and arrows, made from river cane, for any and all hunting that they did and worshiped a main god as well as a number of smaller deities.〔Maus, Jim. (2010). The Saura Indians of Rockingham & Stokes Counties, NC. Retrieved April 3rd 2011, from the Jim Maus Artifacts site: http://www.jimmausartifacts.com/saura-indians/.〕 Evidence from the pottery also seems to suggest that other Siouan tribes might have joined up with the Saura at the Wiliam Kluttz site and formed a diverse community.〔Ward, H. Trawick and Davis Jr., R. P. Stephen. (1999). Time before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina. Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 250〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Upper Saratown」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.